Flood evacuation

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This project simulates the process of evacuation of people living on the coast during the coming flood. People can survive outside the water level and they can save themselvs by climbing on the hills.

  • Project name: Flood evacuation
  • Class: 4IT495 Simulation of Systems (WS 2014/2015) [1]
  • Author: Kristýna Gubišová
  • Model type: Agent-based simulation
  • Software used: NetLogo 5.0.1

Problem definition

The European Union (EU) Floods Directive defines a flood as a covering by water of land not normally covered by water.[2] In the sense of "flowing water", the word may also be applied to the inflow of the tide. Some floods develop slowly, while others such as flash floods, can develop in just a few minutes and without visible signs of rain. Additionally, floods can be local, impacting a neighborhood or community, or very large, affecting entire river basins. Coastal areas may be flooded by storm events at sea, resulting in waves over-topping defenses or in severe cases by tsunami or tropical cyclones. A storm surge, from either a tropical cyclone or an extratropical cyclone, falls within this category.[3] From this point of view is very important to have directives for the flood evacuation on the coastal areas in order to save as many people as possible.

Method of the simulation

As a simulation tool, I have chosen Netlogo, because in my model, there are lots of agents, which have some properties and behavior, that gives the simulation very complex behavior. Also Netlogo gives the observer a good visualization of the simulation as a complex view and allows him to change values quickly and easily and by that is giving enough data from various graph.

Global variables used in this simulation

  • Actual flood height - actual-flood-height represents the height of the current water level
  • Start flood - start-flood? method will starts the flood coming to the ashore
  • Start evacuate - start-evacuate? method will launch the evacuation of the citizen people
  • Rise count - rise-count auxiliary variable for rise-speed, to determine after how many tick the water level increase by the step
  • Low - low is auxiliary variable for scale
  • High - high is auxiliary variable for scale
  • Range - range is auxiliary variable for scale
  • Xlow - xlow
  • Xhight - xhigh
  • Xrange - xrange
  • Old position - old-position

Terrain creation:

  • Number of hills before diffuse - number-of-hills-before-diffuse
  • Number of people - number-of-people

Flood parameters:

  • Maximal flood height - max-flood-height
  • Flood height step - flood-height-step
  • Rise speed - rise-speed

Detailed description of the simulation

Buttons

Setup - Setup the model of the simulation, create the hills and diffuse them of the country and create citizens(agents).

Go - Brings this simulation to life

Start flood - this button causes an increase of the water level, thereby generate a flood

Start evacuate - this button will begin evacuation of the citizens due to flooding

Start flood & evacuate - combines the functions of the buttons start flood and start Evacuate together

Sliders

Terrain creation parameters:

  • number-of-hills-before-diffuse - generate how many hills before diffuse appear in simulation
  • number-of-diffuse-repeating - generate how much will hills be smoothly aligned
  • number-of-people - simply generate how many people will be living in this world

Flood parameters:

  • max-flood-height - defines how maximum height of the flood (the highest points flooded)
  • flood-height-step - defines how much increase the water level
  • rise-speed - speed of the rise dependent on ticks.

How does the simulation work

At the beginnings, there is need to setup the whole world, where the simulation will run. Therefore there are the World creation parameters. In the first slider "number-of-hills-before-diffuse" there can be set the number of actual hills from 100 to 500. In the second slider "number-of-people" there can be the number of actual population set. It could be from the 1 to 5000 citizens.

There is also need to setup the flood parameters. There could be maximum flood height setup from 0 to 1000.

Code

In this section, there is a file with simulation code itself attached. The code is in the NetLogo model file with .nlogo suffix.

Results

Conclusion

Other resources

Other resources I've also used when creating simulation of the flood evacuation:

File:13 Slovnicek Netlogo.pdf [4]

File:.Agent-based modelling II.pdf

References

  1. ↑ ŠALAMON, By Tomáš. Design of agent-based models: developing computer simulations for a better understanding of social processes. Řepín-Živonín: Tomáš Bruckner, 2011. ISBN 978-809-0466-111.
  2. ↑ European Union. Directives: DIRECTIVE 2007/60/EC OF THE EUROPIAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL ON THE ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF FLOOD RISK. In: L 228/27. 2007. Dostupné z: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2007:288:0027:0034:EN:PDF
  3. ↑ Flood. Wikipedia.org [online]. 2015 [cit. 2015-01-18]. Dostupné z: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood"
  4. ↑ Wilensky, U. (1999). NetLogo. http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo. Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling. Northwestern University, Evanston, IL.
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